Pattern Analysis - Crossed Orderings

Generic Question: What is the relationship between two orderings (variables)?

Data Type: Two quantitative, ordinal, or categorical orderings (variables) and an optional third ordering.

Hypotheses: Association between two orderings (or pattern among three orderings). The association can take any theoretically meaningful pattern, including common linear and monotonic patterns.  

Traditional analogs: chi-square test of independence (or association), log-linear analysis, Pearson's r, Spearman's rho.

Summary: This analysis can be used when you wish to examine the relationship between two or three orderings (variables). For instance, the association between personality types and voting behaviors or the association between a drug and clinical outcome. This analysis can therefore be used instead of a chi-square test of independence, Pearson's r, or Spearman's rho.

Software Access: The Pattern Analysis -- Crossed Orderings procedure can be found by selecting "Analyses --> Pattern Analysis --> Crossed Orderings" from the Main Menu. The procedure window appears as:

Videos and Files: The following videos and files describe the procedure and its various options. Be sure to set the video quality to High Definition (1080p) if the browser does not automatically do so. If you wish to follow along with the analyses on your own computer, download and open the data set(s) linked at the bottom of this page. 

• Definitions (a list of definitions commonly used in the OOM software and in observation oriented modeling):
  • Definitions in a pdf file
• Introduction (a brief introduction to the procedure that describes how the analysis is conducted):
  • Pattern Analysis -- Crossed Orderings Introduction
  • Additional Examples of Defining Patterns
• Specific Options (the Analyze, Missing Values, Randomization Test, etc. options in the analysis and options window above are explained and demonstrated):
  • Missing Values: Omit or Include
  • Randomize (with two sub-options):
    • Randomize: All Observations
    • Randomize: Deep Structures
    • Choosing a randomization procedure (a Powerpoint hand-out explaining what to consider when choosing between the two sub-options)
  • Individual Classifications, Append and Save Individual Results
  • Third Ordering included in the analysis
• Three-Dimensional Patterns (shows how to compare simpler and more complex patterns):  
  • Examine how to add a third ordering to create a 3-dimensional pattern
  • Comparing a 2-dimensional to a 3-dimensional pattern
  • Use a randomization test to compare a 2-dimensional to a 3-dimensional pattern
• Planning Sample Size (based on the chance-value)
  • Description of steps in the procedure to determine sample size (read this before watching the videos linked below)
  • Creating a Data Set and Running the Analysis
  • Going through the Process with a larger Sample Size
  • Summary and Closing Comments

Reporting Results

• Example APA write-ups for the Pattern Analysis -- Crossed Orderings procedure.
• See our From Means and Variances to Persons and Patterns paper in which the Pattern Analysis - Crossed Orderings procedure was demonstrated.

Data

• Data Sets (used in videos above)
  • Big Five Vignette Prediction Data, n = 142
  • Height Data, n = 206
  • Therapy 3-way data, n = 500